Negative sign on power factor value (power meters)

QWhy is power factor expressed with a negative sign? Is there any relationship between the polarity of power factor and active power?

A

The polarity sign of power factor represents the phase relationship between the voltage and current.
It is positive (+) when voltage lags relative to current.
On the other hand, negative (-) means that voltage leads current.
There is no relationship to the polarity sign of active power (W).